some thoughts for the development of China's knitting machinery industry.
times:2020-08-14 12:23:00 hits:
In the past 2016, China's knitting machinery industry in the first three quarters of the overall smooth operation. Among them, the production and sales of the flat knitting machine industry, the number of units in the 90,000 units; round weft machine market performance in general, the number of units in the 17,000 units; warp knitting machine facing greater downward pressure, sales of about 2,700 units. 2016 January-December, knitting machinery exports amounted to $ 920 million, an increase of 0.77%, accounting for the export value of textile machinery 30.88%, ranking first in the export of textile machinery by major categories; knitting machinery imports amounted to 2.21% year-on-year growth, ranking second in the import of textile machinery by major categories.
In the "textile machinery industry" issued in 2016, the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" development guidance, knitting machinery "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" development guidance, listed the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan "knitting machinery science and technology research projects 9 and advanced technology promotion projects 9, for the "Thirteenth Five-Year" period of China's knitting machinery development put forward the direction, goals and priorities.
In 2016, China's knitting machinery development in the "Twelfth Five-Year" development based on a good start, but the "Thirteenth Five-Year" period of development is a long way to go, hereby put forward some thoughts on the following.
First, the "Twelfth Five-Year" development of the knitting machinery industry
1. Total production capacity and export growth
Knitting machinery in 2005-2013, the average growth rate of nearly 20%, accounting for nearly 20% of the proportion of the entire textile machinery. In 2015, the sales of circular knitting machines reached 21,000 units, and the annual output of warp knitting machines reached 54,250 units, an increase of 19.4%, 146.3% and 4.6% compared with the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan". In 2015, the annual output of warp knitting machine was about 3800 sets, and the annual output of flat knitting machine was about 60000 sets. The output of the main models of all major products ranked first in the world. The share of textile machinery in the domestic market is maintained at over 70%.
The export value of knitting machinery reached USD 913 million in 2015, up 7.68% year-on-year. Since 2011, knitting machinery has ranked first in the export value of major categories of textile machinery for many years, and had accounted for nearly 1/3 of the export value of textile machinery.
2. Technology level improved
During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, the textile machinery industry "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" development guidance proposed in the product and technology research and development and industrialization projects, knitting machinery 3 (computerized thread adjustment round weft machine, high-performance computerized flat knitting machine and multi-axial warp knitting machine) has all completed the plan The advanced products and technology promotion projects; proposed, knitting machinery 3 (computerized jacquard circular weft machine, computerized automatic flat knitting machine and new warp knitting machine) has been promoted to varying degrees of application.
During the "Twelfth Five-Year" period, the knitting machinery industry has won 17 provincial and ministerial level science and technology achievement awards; knitting machinery key enterprises have obtained 1545 national invention patents and utility model patents, an increase of 343% over the "Eleventh Five-Year" period; a number of software copyrights certificates were obtained.
During the "12th Five-Year Plan" period, the development of product standards accelerated, knitting machinery standards in force 29, including one national standards; knitting machinery standards system gradually improved, such as warp knitting machine and warp knitting machine product standards complement each other, sewing machine standards and computerized flat knitting machine standards match.
During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, the China Textile Machinery Association awarded as many as eight knitting machinery product development centers to various types of warp knitting machines, computerized flat knitting machine product development centers, most of these R & D centers are industry leaders.
3. Product categories complete level of upgrading
China has become one of the few countries in the international arena with the ability to manufacture all categories of knitting machinery such as circular knitting machine (seamless underwear machine), warp knitting machine (sewing machine, crochet machine, warp knitting machine), flat knitting machine and hosiery machine and supporting equipment, devices (such as knitting needles, yarn feeder) and related software, automation control system, a wide range of machines, hosts, auxiliary machines, special parts, special base parts and spare parts manufacturing and Related software and automation, intelligent control products industry chain is relatively complete, a high degree of specialization, has become a major producer of knitting machinery. Knitting machinery technology level of various products continue to improve, many products have reached the international advanced level, such as the "12th Five-Year Plan" during the completion of the acceptance of the National Science and Technology Support Program "carbon fiber multi-axial warp knitting machine and technology research and development" project, the development of its multi-axial carbon fiber warp knitting machine to fill the gap in the country, and the "12th Five-Year Plan" period. Warp knitting machine to fill the gaps in the country, the performance of the whole machine reached the international advanced level. 4.
4. Deepening the integration of "two chemical"
The fusion of "two" deepened gradually, digitalization, automation, information, networking, intelligent and intelligent manufacturing construction and application, has been gradually layered in the industry to promote. CNC machine tools, machining centers, advanced heat treatment equipment, multi-coordinate measuring and precision measuring instruments, tools are widely used, special machine tools to improve the level of processing. ERP system, CIMS project and "zero inventory" production management, product technology, information, management applications and e-commerce have been used in different enterprises. Application. Some advanced management tools, combined with big data environment, such as communication technology, to promote digitalization, intelligent factory (workshop) construction, and so on.
5. The role of leading enterprises is significant
In the round weft machine, warp knitting machine and flat knitting machine, hosiery machine manufacturing enterprises and related software, automation, intelligent control system enterprises, high-tech enterprises have increased year by year, leading enterprises continue to grow, played a role in promoting and leading the corresponding field of demonstration, leading role. For example, some have achieved the conversion of traditional manufacturing to intelligent manufacturing, some have led this field, but also to industrial robots and to the service robot and force, some products set modern circular weft machine, flat knitting machine and seamless underwear machine advanced technology in one, some in the digital knitting technology, knitting machinery control system intelligent "core" and other aspects of the leading The company has been a leader in digital knitting technology, intelligent "core" of knitting machine control system, etc. Leading enterprises to accelerate the growth of the development of knitting machinery has an important impact.
In addition, the knitting machinery industry to speed up the cultivation of talent, social responsibility to strengthen the construction of various types of R & D centers at all levels and move to a new level, while knitting machinery enterprises and institutions of higher learning, research institutions and user units to work closely, R & D strength has been rapidly enhanced, such as Donghua University using special warp knitting machine knitting "semi-rigid battery substrate glass fiber grid "material, has been successfully applied to the" Tiangong 1, 2 "spacecraft. All these have laid a solid foundation for the further development of the industry.
Second, the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" the development of the knitting machinery industry opportunities and challenges
(A) the opportunity for development
1. Related industries to promote
Knitting process is one of the important forming methods for various types of textiles, knitwear development and use of the field to further broaden the amount of knitting machinery to bring fundamental momentum. The "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, related industries will continue to maintain steady and rapid growth. Knitting industry to continue to maintain high growth, exports have increased steadily in total to remain at about 100 billion U.S. dollars; home textiles industry sales revenue growth of 30%, the industry's scale is steadily increasing; by 2020, the industrial textile fiber processing volume accounted for 33% of the industry, the proportion continues to expand. Clothing knitted products, decorative knitted product quality and structure to further optimize the proportion of industrial knitted products to further increase the proportion of the whole industry. All these, the knitting machinery industry has put forward higher requirements, but also for the development of knitting machinery has brought great opportunities.
2. Increased export opportunities
Over the years, with the level of knitting machinery products continue to improve, the export of knitting machinery has become a major exporter of textile machinery, Southeast Asia, ASEAN countries and regions is the main traditional export of knitting machinery in China, can continue to deepen; with the "Belt and Road" strategy, knitting machinery exports to countries and regions along the opportunity to greatly Increase; exports to other regions can also be further explored.
3. National policy support
The country strongly supports the development and emergence of strategic emerging industries and high-end equipment manufacturing, the implementation of "Made in China 2025", the integration of the two and the Internet + and a series of plans, strategies, policies and measures, for the development of new and high-end knitting machinery and equipment to create a financial, technical and other external favorable environment and conditions.
(II) Challenges faced
1. With the rapid development of China's knitting machinery, low industrial concentration and product homogenization phenomenon is serious and prominent up, intensifying the disorderly bad competition, affecting the healthy development of the industry.
2 domestic knitting machinery product performance, technical level and even quality and reliability, and international advanced knitting machinery products gap, coupled with the localization of foreign product production, foreign knitting machinery and equipment, especially high-end knitting machinery and equipment imports constantly, the amount of single machine imports remain high, the knitting machinery market competition is fierce, domestic equipment sales pressure increased.
3 new and high-end knitting machinery and equipment research and development, manufacturing, quality and transformation of the enterprise itself, in the talent structure, design and manufacturing, equipment means, quality and reliability, production and marketing, enterprise management and capital investment, etc., there are still many do not adapt and lack of, innovation drive is insufficient.
Third, the "Thirteenth Five-Year" period of the development of knitting machinery some thoughts
(A) to strengthen the effective supply
According to the national economic and social development of the thirteenth five-year plan outline to strengthen the spirit of supply-side reform, docking textile industry and sub-sector development planning, in the market-oriented, for the effective demand of knitting machinery upstream and downstream industry enterprises and market segmentation needs, study and judge the reality and potential market demand at home and abroad, adhere to the problem-oriented, timely adjustment of product structure and improve quality, and expand the effective supply, focus on the development and provide Knitting machinery in the high-end products, lack of door blank products, import substitution products and affordable products, and improve the technical level and quality, the use of e-commerce, personalized customization and the provision of total solutions to expand the effective supply. Use the government's supply-side structural reform policies, analysis of the cost structure and weaknesses of industry enterprises, product inventory and inventory of various types of resources, etc., to effectively reduce costs and expenses, efforts to de-stocking, reduce costs and increase efficiency, and improve the efficiency and quality of supply.
(B) to prevent the expansion of production capacity and increased homogenization
China is a large producer of knitting machinery, large production capacity and homogenization is serious, resulting in increased bad competition. The industry should strengthen self-regulation, self-regulatory opinions, regulations and measures, the use of technology, standards, quality, branding and other means to improve the threshold of entry and barriers to entry; play the role of market configuration and laws and regulations, reduce exit barriers, improve the exit mechanism for enterprises, strengthen corporate mergers and acquisitions or restructuring and diversion, prevent and eliminate zombie enterprises, improve concentration, in order to facilitate the healthy and orderly development of the industry. Enterprises should seize the opportunity at the same time, but also to accurately position themselves in the industry in order to facilitate the entry and exit. Products should be targeted at the effective needs of the market, to segmentation, differentiation and quality, brand development, to avoid convergence, in order to facilitate the effective supply of products and the elimination of winners and losers. Deepen understanding and strengthen the protection of intellectual property rights, both to avoid infringement, but also to use legal weapons to protect their rights and interests, to maintain a fair and just market and healthy and orderly development order.
(C) further strengthen exports and international cooperation
Better use of the two markets, two resources, establish and implement the concept of mutual benefit and win-win, common development. Further study the new requirements and characteristics of the export of knitting machinery, continue to consolidate and expand the traditional market share of knitting machinery exports; seize the opportunity to transfer each knitting production abroad, strengthen the export of equipment sales in the target transfer, explore the implementation of the transfer of knitting production abroad while packaging equipment exports, or export equipment to "lease" or "The "One Belt and One Road" strategy is an opportunity to promote the development planning, technical standard system and production conditions and habits with countries along the route. Production and use conditions, habits docking, strengthen publicity and roadshows, open up new areas of export of knitting machinery; actively study the development of other emerging countries and regions of the knitting machinery market. Conditional enterprises, you can promote the export of high-end knitting machinery and equipment or participate in international cooperation in advanced equipment manufacturing.
(D) at appropriate levels to promote Industry 4.0
According to the "Made in China 2025" spirit, in the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the textile machinery industry is the main technology research and development direction of textile equipment products and equipment manufacturing intelligence. Considering that there are many knitting machinery manufacturing enterprises, and most of them are small and medium-sized enterprises, the strength and conditions vary, so in the promotion of "intelligence" especially in the intelligent equipment manufacturing, enterprises need to find the right positioning, according to their own conditions and needs, to determine the enterprise manufacturing in digital, automated, information, networked, intelligent or even intelligent What stage of the factory, and determine to which stage to enhance the promotion, in order to facilitate accurate and reasonable investment and technological transformation; knitting machinery and equipment products should also be timely and downstream industry enterprise equipment intelligence and enterprise intelligent manufacturing needs to dovetail, adapt. To summarize the useful experience of manufacturing enterprises in different stages of development in order to promote.
(E) to overcome the shortcomings of the special foundation parts of knitting needles
Knitting needle is a special foundation for knitting machinery, consumables, a large number of extensive, use and consumption, but the production requirements are high, difficult, low rate of finished products. At present, some important knitting needles in China is still a blank product, or can not fully adapt to the development of China's knitting machinery host and supporting the needs, still need to rely on imports to solve. Therefore, the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, we must strive to overcome the shortcomings of the needle problem. To solve the thin, long, shaped and complex structure of the needle, and can adapt to the machine high-speed, multi-knitting system, including the ability to knit short fibers, including a variety of fibers and energy-saving requirements, if you need to overcome the full range of fine gauge high-speed tongue needle.
In the development of new products in the knitting machinery, to host and knitting needles, including auxiliary needles synchronized supporting; using imported needles supporting, to analyze and study the imported needle design, structure and knitting into the loop process relationship, the selection of materials used to analyze, in order to learn from; self-developed needles to consider the ability to interchange with imported knitting needles. Needle is consumable, reliability is also its weak link, its reliability is generally for the service life. To explore the study of knitting needles in the host package as a subsystem of the life of the problem, explore the study can be knitting needles as a single component (product) to carry out reliability life research. Needle manufacturing and processing equipment selection or self-development, from a single machine, multi-station joint machine and even joint production line to consider processing consistency control and improve the rate of finished products, workpiece flow and even finished products to consider protection, packaging issues. Needle manufacturing and processing equipment and detectors have their own unique characteristics, some must be developed by themselves to solve the need for a dedicated and stable team to develop, and continue to accumulate experience, so that the stereotypes. Strengthen the needle basic materials research, joint needle material production or research units, research to solve the needle domestic quality material development, production and batch supply problems, research to solve the problem of replacing imported needle materials.
(F) improve product reliability
Improve product reliability has been the consensus of the industry for many years. Reliability is an important quality indicator, is the quality of time "extension", in a sense, the reliability of a comprehensive reflection of product quality. Product reliability is related to production efficiency, quality and machine maintenance, cost performance and even international competitiveness, and affects user recognition and loyalty. To some extent, the reliability of equipment is the "spokesman" of the brand. The reliability of the product or the level of the product can be expressed by the reliability index value. Therefore, whether it is the user's reliability experience after using the product or the "qualitative statement" of the manufacturer's evaluation of its own product reliability, such as "good or bad reliability", the expression is not completely relevant or not scientific and rigorous and specific enough. This should be backed up by the specific control of the product reliability index value and "scientific judgment" by the manufacturer. The value of reliability index needs to be tested according to the reliability evaluation document to obtain it. This kind of special test needs human, financial and time support and guarantee, and also needs the strong support and cooperation from users and testing and inspection units.

( G ) Cultivate the spirit of craftsman
Craftsmanship has always been popular, respected and admired by people. The external expression of the artisan spirit is good work, the connotation is the embodiment of good ideological and moral cultivation. The cultivation of craftsmanship must be in the actual work and practical operation, starting from the most solid basic skills, passed on from one person to another, taught by example, through the accumulation of months and years to be instilled, required, accumulated, sublimated, and become a kind of excellence, meticulous, perseverance, and diligent pursuit of the spirit.
Enterprises to cultivate the spirit of craftsmanship, combined with the actual enterprise to explore the connotations, characteristics and practices of the new period, gathered into the corporate culture.
Craftsmanship should be advocated, applied and carried forward in the work of enterprises and actual production, where important and critical parts manufacturing and processing or processes, but also require manual operation, more need to have this craftsmanship to complete. Such as knitting machine cylinder assembly, through-needle and machine assembly and process debugging. The "creative design" also requires the "inspiration" accumulated by the "unique" "craftsmanship" to play . And these can not rely entirely on modern machines can be achieved. Therefore, "craftsmanship" needs to be cultivated and passed on from generation to generation.
Now, we have a good start, we need to continue to work hard to implement the "Thirteenth Five-Year" period development goals, to promote China's knitting machinery to a strong country, to make new contributions to China's textile power.